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Local Industrial Conditions and Entrepreneurship: How Much of the Spatial Distribution Can We Explain?

Glaeser, Edward Ludwig; Kerr, William R. - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2008

Why are some places more entrepreneurial than others? We use Census Bureau data to study local determinants of manufacturing startups across cities and industries. Demographics have limited explanatory power. Overall levels of local customers and suppliers are only modestly important, but new...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005714042

Clusters of Entrepreneurship

Glaeser, Edward Ludwig; Ponzetto, Giacomo A. M.; Kerr, … - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2009

Employment growth is strongly predicted by smaller average establishment size, both across cities and across industries within cities, but there is little consensus on why this relationship exists. Traditional economic explanations emphasize factors that reduce entry costs or raise...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10008548787

Entrepreneurship and Urban Growth: An Empirical Assessment with Historical Mines

Glaeser, Edward Ludwig; Kerr, Sari Pekkala; Kerr, William R. - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2012

Measures of entrepreneurship, such as average establishment size and the prevalence of start-ups, correlate strongly with employment growth across and within metropolitan areas, but the endogeneity of these measures bedevils interpretation. Chinitz (1961) hypothesized that coal mines near...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010821933

Why Have Americans Become More Obese?

Cutler, David M.; Glaeser, Edward Ludwig; Shapiro, Jesse - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2003

Americans have become considerably more obese over the past 25 years. This increase is primarily the result of consuming more calories. The increase in food consumption is itself the result of technological innovations which made it possible for food to be mass prepared far from the point of...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005719961

Empirical Studies of Innovation in the Knowledge Driven Economy

Hall, Bronwyn H; MAIRESSE, Jacques - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2006

innovation and knowledge management and their impact on performance at the firm level for a number of countries. These studies … have been conducted using data drawn from innovation surveys combined with data from a number of other sources. The issue … illustrates the value of these surveys in improving our understanding of innovation in firms and raises a number of questions for …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005050393

Measuring the Returns to R&D

Hall, Bronwyn H; MAIRESSE, Jacques; Mohnen, Pierre - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2009

We review the econometric literature on measuring the returns to R&D. The theoretical frameworks that have been used are outlined, followed by an extensive discussion of measurement and econometric issues that arise when estimating the models. We then provide a series of tables summarizing the...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10008624599

Under the Thumb of History? Political Institutions and the Scope for Action

Duflo, Esther; Banerjee, Abhijit - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2014

This paper discusses the two leading views of history and political institutions. For some scholars, institutions are mainly products of historical logic, while for others, accidents, leaders, and decisions have a significant impact. We argue that while there is clear evidence that history...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010951199

Peer Effects, Teacher Incentives, and the Impact of Tracking: Evidence from a Randomized Evaluation in Kenya

Duflo, Esther; Kremer, Michael; Dupas, Pascaline - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2008

To the extent that students benefit from high-achieving peers, tracking will help strong students and hurt weak ones. However, all students may benefit if tracking allows teachers to present material at a more appropriate level. Lower-achieving pupils are particularly likely to benefit from...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005248909

Corruption and Reform: An Introduction

Glaeser, Edward Ludwig; Goldin, Claudia - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2004

The United States today, according to most studies, is among the least corrupt nations in the world. But America's past was checkered with political scandal and widespread corruption that would not seem unusual compared with the most corrupt developing nation today. We construct a "corruption...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005019412

Women's Empowerment and Economic Development

Duflo, Esther - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2011

Women's empowerment and economic development are closely related: in one direction, development alone can play a major role in driving down inequality between men and women; in the other direction, empowering women may benefit development. Does this imply that pushing just one of these two...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10009403418