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Birth Cohort and the Black-White Achievement Gap: The Roles of Access and Health Soon After Birth

Chay, Kenneth; Guryan, Jonathan; Mazumder, Bhashkar - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2009

One literature documents a significant, black-white gap in average test scores, while another finds a substantial narrowing of the gap during the 1980's, and stagnation in convergence after. We use two data sources -- the Long Term Trends NAEP and AFQT scores for the universe of applicants to...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10004980322

U.S High School Graduation Rates: Patterns and Explanations

Murnane, Richard J. - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2013

I survey the evidence on patterns in U.S. high school graduation rates over the period 1970-2010 and report the results of new research conducted to fill in holes in the evidence. I begin by pointing out the strengths and limitations of existing data sources. I then describe six striking...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011095620

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Intensive Math Instruction and Educational Attainment: Long-Run Impacts of Double-Dose Algebra

Cortes, Kalena; Goodman, Joshua; Nomi, Takako - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2014

We study an intensive math instruction policy that assigned low-skilled 9th graders to an algebra course that doubled instructional time, altered peer composition and emphasized problem solving skills. A regression discontinuity design shows substantial positive impacts of double-dose algebra on...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010821883

Credit Constraints and the Racial Gap in Post-Secondary Education in South Africa

Leibbrandt, Murray; Lam, David; Ardington, Cally; … - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2013

proportion of high school graduates who enroll in university and other forms of post-secondary education. Our results indicate …-white difference in enrollment. Controlling for parental education and baseline scholastic ability reduces the estimated impact of … without changing parental education or high school academic achievement. The racial gap in university enrollment would narrow …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010796658

University Differences in the Graduation of Minorities in STEM Fields: Evidence from California

Hotz, V. Joseph; Arcidiacono, Peter; Aucejo, Esteban M. - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2013

The low number of college graduates with science degrees -- particularly among under-represented minorities -- is of growing concern. We examine differences across universities in graduating students in different fields. Using student-level data on the University of California system during a...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010796719

Affirmative Action and Human Capital Investment: Evidence from a Randomized Field Experiment

Price, Joseph; Cotton, Christopher; Hickman, Brent R. - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2014

The empirical literature on Affirmative Action (AA) in college admissions tends to ignore the effects admissions policies have on incentives of students to invest developing pre-college human capital. We explore the incentive effects of AA using a field experiment that creates a microcosm of the...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010890092

Understanding the Mechanisms through Which an Influential Early Childhood Program Boosted Adult Outcomes

Heckman, James J.; Pinto, Rodrigo; Savelyev, Peter A. - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2012

A growing literature establishes that high quality early childhood interventions targeted toward disadvantaged children have substantial impacts on later life outcomes. Little is known about the mechanisms producing these impacts. This paper uses longitudinal data on cognitive and personality...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010785594

Race-Specific Agglomeration Economies: Social Distance and the Black-White Wage Gap

Ross, Stephen; Ananat, Elizabeth; Fu, Shihe - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2013

age, education, and other demographics on wages, for unobserved worker skill as proxied by residential location, and for … education. We also find parallel results for firm productivity by employment density and share college-educated using firm …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010950796

Putting Tasks to the Test: Human Capital, Job Tasks and Wages

Autor, David; Handel, Michael J. - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2009

Employing original, representative survey data, we document that cognitive, interpersonal and physical job task demands can be measured with high validity using standard interview techniques. Job tasks vary substantially within and between occupations, are significantly related to workers'...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005036788

Schooling and the AFQT: Evidence from School Entry Laws

Cascio, Elizabeth U.; Lewis, Ethan G. - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2005

Is the Armed Forces Qualifying Test (AFQT) a measure of achievement or ability? The answer to this question is critical for drawing inferences from studies in which it is employed. In this paper, we test for a relationship between schooling and AFQT performance in the NLSY 79 by comparing...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005078623