's innovation and export activities, using unique firm survey data which provides direct measures for innovations and firm … export and innovation activities to become substitutes although they are generally natural complements. … of income and export intensity. We investigate theoretically and empirically how financial constraints affect a firm …

challenges for future empirical research, as well as the need for additional data on technology and innovation. …

research regardless of trade barriers or research productivity. As long as trade barriers are not too high, faster diffusion …

Economists emphasize two channels through which import liberalization affects productivity, one operating between and … to 2002. First, in the long run, import liberalization lowers productivity in domestic industries through selection. This …, liberalization also generates technological learning that can on net raise domestic productivity. Third, for short time horizons of …

of firms export, a decline in marginal trade costs raises process innovation in exporting firms relative to that of non … activity. We first show analytically that if all firms export with equal intensity, then a reduction in international trade … costs has no impact at all, in steady-state, on firms' investments in process innovation. We then show that if only a subset …

Firms that export or, even more so, are part of a multinational enterprise tend to exhibit higher productivity than … organization that one of the main drivers of differences in productivity is differences in knowledge. We examine a new data set of … information. We also find that the relative importance of knowledge sources varies systematically with the type of innovation. …