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Is There A Case for a "Second Demographic Transition"? Three Distinctive Features of the Post-1960 U.S. Fertility Decline
Bailey, Martha J.; Guldi, Melanie E.; Hershbein, Brad J. - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2013
Dramatic fertility swings over the last 100 years have been the subject of large literatures in demography and … economics. Recent research has claimed that the post-1960 fertility decline is exceptional enough to constitute a "Second … the fertility decline in the 1960s and 1970s to the earlier 20th century fertility decline, especially the 1920s and 1930s …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010969391
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Putting the Co in Education: Timing, Reasons, and Consequences of College Coeducation from 1835 to the Present
Goldin, Claudia; Katz, Lawrence F. - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2010
The history of coeducation in U.S. higher education is explored through an analysis of a database containing information on all institutions offering four-year undergraduate degrees that operated in 1897, 1924, 1934, or 1980, most of which still exist today. These data reveal surprises about the...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10008462304
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Nominal Wage Stickiness and Aggregate Supply in the Great Depression
Bernanke, Ben S.; Carey, Kevin - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 1996
Building on earlier work by Eichengreen and Sachs, we use data for 22 countries to study the role of wage stickiness in propagating the Great Depression. Recent research suggests that monetary shocks, transmitted internationally by the gold standard, were a major cause of the Depression....
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005710713
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Economic Integration and Convergence: U.S. Regions, 1840-1987
Kim, Sukkoo - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 1997
Despite the recent inroads made by models of interregional trade based on external" economies, the analysis of the long-run trends in U.S. regional specialization in agriculture manufacturing, wholesale trade, retail trade, services, and all economic activities indicate that" these trends are...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005714760
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Lifting the Curse of Dimensionality: Measures of the Labor Legislation Climate in the States During the Progressive Era
Fishback, Price Vanmeter; Holmes, Rebecca; Allen, Samuel - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2008
One of the most difficult problems in the social sciences is measuring the policy climate in societies. Prior to the 1930s the vast majority of labor regulations in the U.S. were enacted at the state level. In this paper we develop several summary measures of labor regulation that document the...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005829786
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Lead and Mortality
Clay, Karen B.; Haines, Michael Robert; Troesken, Werner - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2010
This paper examines the effect of water-borne lead exposure on infant mortality in American cities over the period 1900-1920. Infants are highly sensitive to lead, and more broadly are a marker for current environmental conditions. The effects of lead on infant mortality are identified by...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10008684850
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Socioeconomic Status in Childhood and Health After Age 70: A New Longitudinal Analysis for the U.S., 1895-2005
Ferrie, Joseph P.; Rolf, Karen - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2011
The link between circumstances faced by individuals early in life (including those encountered in utero) and later life outcomes has been of increasing interest since the work of Barker in the 1970s on birth weight and adult disease. We provide such a life course perspective for the U.S. by...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10009019690
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The Fluidity of Race: “Passing” in the United States, 1880-1940
Nix, Emily; Qian, Nancy - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2015
This paper quantifies the extent to which individuals experience changes in reported racial identity in the historical U.S. context. Using the full population of historical Censuses for 1880-1940, we document that over 19% of black males “passed” for white at some point during their...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011119797
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Labor Markets in the Twentieth Century
Goldin, Claudia - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 1994
The study of the labor market across the past hundred years reveals enormous progress and also that history repeats itself and has come full circle in some ways. Progress has been made in the rewards of labor -- wages, benefits, and increased leisure through shorter hours, vacation time, sick...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005723432
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Labor-Market Regimes in U.S. Economic History
Rosenbloom, Joshua L.; Sundstrom, William A. - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2009
In much economic analysis it is a convenient fiction to suppose that changes over time in wages and employment are determined by shifts in supply or demand within a more or less competitive market framework Indeed, this framework has been effectively deployed to understand many episodes in...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005660145