evidence for start-up firms on the role of patents as signals to investors, in particular to Venture Capitalists. This study …&D for a panel of established firms. The results show that patents do indeed attenuate financing constraints for small firms … to financing constraints, but also do not seem to benefit from a patent quality signal. …

innovation. After identifying pervasive market failures in innovation, it explains why those associated with the Nordic model may … be particularly conducive to innovation, and demonstrates that, in general, the optimal policies of the leader should … industrial policies, public investments, and systems of social protection), not only leading to more innovation, but ensuring …

the evaluations were done at the recipient (firm) level using data from innovation surveys, industrial surveys, and …&D intensity. In addition, participation in TDF induces a more proactive attitude of beneficiary firms towards innovation … activities. However, the analysis does not find much statistically significant impact on patents or new product sales and the …

Members of a patent pool agree to use a set of patents as if they were jointly owned by all members and license them as … the effects of a patent pool on innovation. Contrary to theoretical predictions, the sewing machine pool appears to have … a package to other firms. Regulators favor pools as a means to encourage innovation: Pools are expected to reduce …

Evidence on the "funding gap" for investment innovation is surveyed. The focus is on financial market reasons for …

detailed information on innovation activities and other company characteristics. We analyse the role of venture finance in … influencing innovation strategies. We find that venture capitalists push portfolio companies towards building absorptive capacity … shaping companies' innovation strategies. …

The pace of innovation is related both to the level of investment in innovation and the pool of knowledge from which … and design of IPR affects the extent to which any innovation adds to or subtracts from the pool of ideas that are … lead to a lower pace of innovation, and more generally, that long run effects may be the opposite of the short run effects. …