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Birth Cohort and the Black-White Achievement Gap: The Roles of Access and Health Soon After Birth
Chay, Kenneth; Guryan, Jonathan; Mazumder, Bhashkar - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2009
One literature documents a significant, black-white gap in average test scores, while another finds a substantial narrowing of the gap during the 1980's, and stagnation in convergence after. We use two data sources -- the Long Term Trends NAEP and AFQT scores for the universe of applicants to...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10004980322
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Fasting During Pregnancy and Children's Academic Performance
Almond, Douglas; Mazumder, Bhashkar; Ewijk, Reyn van - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2011
We consider the effects of daytime fasting by pregnant women during the lunar month of Ramadan on their children's test scores at age seven. Using English register data, we find that scores are .05 to .08 standard deviations lower for Pakistani and Bangladeshi students exposed to Ramadan in...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10009403427
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Exploring the Racial Gap in Infant Mortality Rates, 1920-1970
Collins, William J.; Thomasson, Melissa - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2002
This paper examines the racial gap in infant mortality rates from 1920 to 1970. Using state-level panel data with information on income, urbanization, women's education, and physicians per capita, we can account for a large portion of the racial gap in infant mortality rates between 1920 and...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005720043
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Induced Innovation and Social Inequality: Evidence from Infant Medical Care
Cutler, David M.; Meara, Ellen; Richards, Seth - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2009
We develop a model of induced innovation where research effort is a function of the death rate, and thus the potential to reduce deaths in the population. We also consider potential social consequences that arise from this form of induced innovation based on differences in disease prevalence...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005059064
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Identifying Provider Prejudice in Healthcare
Chandra, Amitabh; Staiger, Doug - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2010
We use simple economic insights to develop a framework for distinguishing between prejudice and statistical discrimination using observational data. We focus our inquiry on the enormous literature in healthcare where treatment disparities by race and gender are not explained by access,...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10008680922
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Affirmative Action and Human Capital Investment: Evidence from a Randomized Field Experiment
Price, Joseph; Cotton, Christopher; Hickman, Brent R. - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2014
The empirical literature on Affirmative Action (AA) in college admissions tends to ignore the effects admissions policies have on incentives of students to invest developing pre-college human capital. We explore the incentive effects of AA using a field experiment that creates a microcosm of the...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010890092
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Race-Specific Agglomeration Economies: Social Distance and the Black-White Wage Gap
Ross, Stephen; Ananat, Elizabeth; Fu, Shihe - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2013
that wages of blacks rise less with agglomeration in the workplace location, measured as employment density per square … an individual's wage return to employment density rises with the share of workers in their work location who are of their … education. We also find parallel results for firm productivity by employment density and share college-educated using firm …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010950796
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Schooling and the AFQT: Evidence from School Entry Laws
Cascio, Elizabeth U.; Lewis, Ethan G. - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2005
Is the Armed Forces Qualifying Test (AFQT) a measure of achievement or ability? The answer to this question is critical for drawing inferences from studies in which it is employed. In this paper, we test for a relationship between schooling and AFQT performance in the NLSY 79 by comparing...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005078623
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Self-Employment, Family Background, and Race
Rosen, Harvey; Hout, Michael - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 1999
family background, and in particular, on what we call the intergenerational pick-up rate with respect to self-employment, the …, a data source with rich information on individuals' family histories, to investigate how family background affects self-employment … earlier findings that father's self-employment status is an important determinant of offspring's self-employment outcomes. New …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005828953
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The Return to English in a Non-English Speaking Country: Russian Immigrants and Native Israelis in Israel
Lang, Kevin; Siniver, Erez - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2006
We use a unique sample of Russian immigrants and natives in Israel to examine the return to English knowledge. In cross-section estimates there is a significant return to English knowledge for both immigrants and natives with high levels of education. Language acquisition is an important element...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005829413