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The American Invasion of Europe: The Long Term Rise in Overseas Travel, 1820-2000

Weiss, Thomas; Dupont, Brandon; Gandhi, Alka - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2008

Tourism today is an activity of substantial economic importance worldwide, and has been for some time. Tourism is also …'s establishing special accounts on travel and tourism. In this paper we investigate the long term rise in overseas travel by … as mass tourism. We document this rise by compiling a long term series on overseas travel, and describe the changes in …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005828633

Investment Banks as Corporate Monitors in the Early 20th Century United States

Hilt, Eric; Frydman, Carola - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2014

We use the Clayton Antitrust Act of 1914 to study the effect of bankers on corporate boards in facilitating access to external finance. In the early twentieth century, securities underwriters commonly held directorships with American corporations; this was especially true for railroads, which...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010951292

Trade Restrictiveness and Deadweight Losses from U.S. Tariffs, 1859-1961

Irwin, Douglas A. - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2007

This paper calculates the Anderson-Neary (2005) trade restrictiveness index (TRI) for the United States using nearly a century of data. The results show that the standard import-weighted average tariff understates the TRI, defined as the uniform tariff that yields the same welfare loss as the...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005777830

Commodity Exports, Invisible Exports and Terms of Trade for the Middle Colonies, 1720 to 1775

Rosenbloom, Joshua L.; Weiss, Thomas; Mancall, Peter - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2008

Economic historians of the eighteenth-century British mainland North American colonies have given considerable weight to the role of exports as a stimulus for economic growth. Yet their analyses have been handicapped by reliance on one or two time series to serve as indicators of broader changes...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005828766

Railroads and American Economic Growth: A "Market Access" Approach

Donaldson, Dave; Hornbeck, Richard - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2013

This paper examines the historical impact of railroads on the American economy. Expansion of the railroad network may have affected all counties directly or indirectly - an econometric challenge that arises in many empirical settings. However, the total impact on each county is captured by...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010950900

Did Railroads Make Antebellum U.S. Banks More Sound?

Atack, Jeremy; Rousseau, Peter; Jaremski, Matthew S. - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2014

forms of transportation in the United States over the period from 1830-1860. A series of hazard models and bank …-level regressions indicate a systematic relationship between proximity to railroads (but not to other means of transportation) and "good …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011271379

Economic Growth in the Mid Atlantic Region: Conjectural Estimates for 1720 to 1800

Rosenbloom, Joshua L.; Weiss, Thomas - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2011

We employ the conjectural approach to estimate the growth of GDP per capita for the colonies and states of the mid-Atlantic region (Del., NJ, NY and Penn). In contrast to previous studies of the region's growth that relied heavily on the performance of the export sector, the conjectural method...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10009226942

Revenue or Reciprocity? Founding Feuds over Early U.S. Trade Policy

Irwin, Douglas A. - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2009

The Constitution of 1787 was designed to give Congress powers over trade policy that it lacked under the Articles of Confederation. The Washington administration was split over whether to use these powers to raise revenue or to retaliate against Britain's discriminatory trade policies. Obsessed...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005040618

Institutions and Technological Innovation During the Early Economic Growth: Evidence from the Great Inventors of the United States, 1790-1930

Khan, B. Zorina; Sokoloff, Kenneth L. - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2004

Employing a sample of renowned U.S. inventors that combines biographical detail with information on the patents they received over their careers, we highlight the impact of early U.S. patent institutions in providing broad access to economic opportunity and in encouraging trade in new...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005710102

Could the U.S. Iron Industry Have Survived Free Trade After the Civil War?

Irwin, Douglas A. - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2000

An unresolved question concerning post-Civil War U.S. industrialization is the degree to which import tariffs protected domestic manufacturers from foreign competition. This paper considers the impact of import tariffs on the domestic pig iron industry, the basic building block of the entire...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005718926

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