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The SO2 Allowance Trading System and the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990: Reflections on Twenty Years of Policy Innovation
Stavins, Robert Norman; Chan, Gabriel; Stowe, Robert; … - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2012
The introduction of the U.S. SO2 allowance-trading program to address the threat of acid rain as part of the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 is a landmark event in the history of environmental regulation. The program was a great success by almost all measures. This paper, which draws upon a...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10009652873
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Regulatory Choice with Pollution and Innovation
Kolstad, Charles D. - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2010
technologies which reduce the cost of pollution abatement. The innovating firm can patent this innovation and use a licensing fee … to generate revenue. In a world of certainty, the first best level of innovation and abatement can be supported by either … a pollution tax or a marketable permit. However, the returns to the innovator from innovation are not the same under the …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10008533396
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The role of patent protection in (clean/green) technology transfer
Hall, Bronwyn H; Helmers, Christian - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2010
innovation and international technology transfer in general. The literature suggests that patent protection in a host country … encourages technology transfer to that country but that its impact on innovation and development is much more ambiguous. We then … externalities, implies that patent protection may not be the optimal instrument for encouraging innovation in this area, especially …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10008534523
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Renewable Energy Policies And Technological Innovation: Evidence Based On Patent Counts
Johnstone, Nick; Hascic, Ivan; Popp, David - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2008
This paper examines the effect of environmental policies on technological innovation in the specific case of renewable …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005588917
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Trade, Technology, and the Environment: Why Have Poor Countries Regulated Sooner?
Lovely, Mary; Popp, David - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2008
Countries who adopted regulation of coal-fired power plants after 1980 generally did so at a much lower level of per-capita income than did early adopters -- poor countries regulated sooner. This phenomenon suggests that pioneering adopters of environmental regulation provide an advantage to...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005588944
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Public Procurement and the Private Supply of Green Buildings
Simcoe, Timothy; Toffel, Michael W. - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2012
We measure the impact of municipal policies requiring governments to construct green buildings on private-sector adoption of the U.S. Green Building Council's Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) standard. Using matching methods, panel data, and instrumental variables, we find...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010570536
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Commercial Building Electricity Consumption Dynamics: The Role of Structure Quality, Human Capital, and Contract Incentives
Kahn, Matthew E.; Quigley, John M.; Kok, Nils - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2013
Commercial real estate plays a key role in determining the urban sustainability of a metropolitan area. While the residential sector has been the primary focus of energy policies, commercial buildings are now responsible for most of the durable building stock's total electricity consumption....
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010951014
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The Welfare Impact of Indirect Pigouvian Taxation: Evidence from Transportation
Knittel, Christopher R.; Sandler, Ryan - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2013
A basic tenet of economics posits that when consumers or firms don't face the true social cost of their actions, market outcomes are inefficient. In the case of negative externalities, Pigouvian taxes are one way to correct this market failure, where the optimal tax leads agents to internalize...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010951204
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Can a Unilateral Carbon Tax Reduce Emissions Elsewhere?
Fullerton, Don; Elliott, Joshua - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2013
One country that tries to reduce greenhouse gas emissions may fear that other countries get a competitive advantage and increase emissions ("leakage"). Estimates from computable general equilibrium (CGE) models such as Elliott et al (2010a,b) indicate that 15% to 25% of abatement might be offset...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010951311
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Vehicle Scrappage and Gasoline Policy
Jacobsen, Mark R.; Benthem, Arthur A. van - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2013
We estimate the sensitivity of scrap decisions to changes in used car values - the "scrap elasticity" - and show how it influences used car fleets under policies aimed at reducing gasoline use. Large scrap elasticities will tend to produce emissions leakage under efficiency standards as the...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010951397