ethnic conflict. A new type of bargaining failure due to multiple types of potential conflicts (and hence multiple threat …

There is tremendous variation in conflict intensity both across and within civil conflict spells. Using an instrumental … variables approach and a rich set of dynamic, empirical models, we find that the intensity of conflict is negatively related to … per-capita income. Economic conditions also affect conflict dynamics, as higher per-capita income reduces the persistence …

We present a theory of ethnic conflict in which coalitions formed along ethnic lines compete for the economy%u2019s … coalition can defect to the winners at low cost, and this rules out conflict as an equilibrium outcome. We derive a number of … implications of the model relating social, political, and economic indicators such as the incidence of conflict, the distance among …

geographic location for inter-State conflict. The main predictions of the theory are that conflict tends to be more likely when …