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Automobile Fuel Economy Standards: Impacts, Efficiency, and Alternatives
Parry, Ian; Anderson, Soren T.; Fischer, Carolyn; … - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2010
This paper discusses fuel economy regulations in the United States and other countries. We first describe how these programs affect the automobile market, including their impacts on fuel use and other dimensions of the vehicle fleet. We then review different methodologies for assessing the costs...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10008646469
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The Welfare Impact of Indirect Pigouvian Taxation: Evidence from Transportation
Knittel, Christopher R.; Sandler, Ryan - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2013
A basic tenet of economics posits that when consumers or firms don't face the true social cost of their actions, market outcomes are inefficient. In the case of negative externalities, Pigouvian taxes are one way to correct this market failure, where the optimal tax leads agents to internalize...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010951204
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The Welfare Effects of Fuel Conservation Policies in the Indian Car Market
Chugh, Randy; Cropper, Maureen L. - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2014
We estimate a model of vehicle choice and miles driven to analyze the impact of fuel conservation policies in the Indian car market. Taxing diesel fuel to equalize diesel and petrol prices would reduce fuel consumption in the new car market by 7% and reduce diesel cars sales by 26%. A tax on...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010950841
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Distributional Effects of Environmental and Energy Policy: An Introduction
Fullerton, Don - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2008
to abate pollution may induce firms to use more capital. If demand for capital is raised relative to labor, then a lower … relative wage may also hurt low-income households. Third, pollution permits handed out to firms bestow scarcity rents on well … improvements in environmental quality. If high-income individuals get the most benefit of pollution abatement, then this effect is …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005830820
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Vehicle Scrappage and Gasoline Policy
Jacobsen, Mark R.; Benthem, Arthur A. van - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2013
We estimate the sensitivity of scrap decisions to changes in used car values - the "scrap elasticity" - and show how it influences used car fleets under policies aimed at reducing gasoline use. Large scrap elasticities will tend to produce emissions leakage under efficiency standards as the...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010951397
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Averting Regulatory Enforcement: Evidence from New Source Review
Keohane, Nathaniel O.; Mansur, Erin T.; Voynov, Andrey - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2007
This paper explores firms' response to regulatory enforcement. New Source Review, a provision of the Clean Air Act, imposes stringent emissions limitations on significantly modified older power plants. In 1999, the EPA sued owners of 46 plants for NSR violations. We study how electricity...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005085352
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Unintended Consequences from Nested State & Federal Regulations: The Case of the Pavley Greenhouse-Gas-per-Mile Limits
Goulder, Lawrence H.; Jacobsen, Mark R.; Benthem, … - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2009
Fourteen U.S. states recently pledged to adopt limits on greenhouse gases (GHGs) per mile of light-duty automobiles. Previous analyses predicted this action would significantly reduce emissions from new cars in these states, but ignored possible offsetting emissions increases from policy-induced...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005085422
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The SO2 Allowance Trading System and the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990: Reflections on Twenty Years of Policy Innovation
Stavins, Robert Norman; Chan, Gabriel; Stowe, Robert; … - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2012
The introduction of the U.S. SO2 allowance-trading program to address the threat of acid rain as part of the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 is a landmark event in the history of environmental regulation. The program was a great success by almost all measures. This paper, which draws upon a...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10009652873
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Prices versus Quantities versus Bankable Quantities
Pizer, William A.; Fell, Harrison; MacKenzie, Ian A. - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2012
Quantity-based regulation with banking allows regulated firms to shift obligations across time in response to periods of unexpectedly high or low marginal costs. Despite its wide prevalence in existing and proposed emission trading programs, banking has received limited attention in past welfare...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10009652892
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Getting Cars Off the Road: The Cost-Effectiveness of an Episodic Pollution Control Program
Cropper, Maureen L.; Jiang, Yi; Alberini, Anna; Baur, … - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2010
Ground-level ozone remains a serious problem in the United States. Because ozone non-attainment is a summer problem, episodic rather than continuous controls of ozone precursors are possible. We evaluate the costs and effectiveness of an episodic scheme that requires people to buy permits to...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10008601708