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Technology, International Trade, and Pollution from U.S. Manufacturing
Levinson, Arik - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2007
Total pollution emitted by U.S. manufacturers declined over the past 30 years by about 60 percent, even though real … may result from increased net imports of pollution-intensive goods ("international trade"). I first show that most of the … decline in pollution from U.S. manufacturing has been the result of changing technology, rather than changes in the mix of …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005710690
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Trade, Technology, and the Environment: Why Have Poor Countries Regulated Sooner?
Lovely, Mary; Popp, David - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2008
Countries who adopted regulation of coal-fired power plants after 1980 generally did so at a much lower level of per-capita income than did early adopters -- poor countries regulated sooner. This phenomenon suggests that pioneering adopters of environmental regulation provide an advantage to...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005588944
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Waste of Effort? International Environmental Agreements
Levinson, Arik; Kellenberg, Derek - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2013
Many of the world's environmental problems cross international borders, and to address those problems approximately 1,000 different International Environmental Agreements (IEAs) are in operation today. Most evidence, however suggests that those IEAs are ineffectual, merely ratifying...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010950867
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Per-capita Income as a Determinant of International Trade and Environmental Policies
Markusen, James R. - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2013
International trade policy analysis has tended to focus on the production side of general equilibrium, with policies such as a tariff or carbon tax affecting international and internal income distributions through a Heckscher-Ohlin nexus of factor intensities and factor endowments. Here I move...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010951124
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Sources of Comparative Advantage in Polluting Industries
Broner, Fernando; Bustos, Paula; Carvalho, Vasco M. - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2012
the country level with data on pollution intensity at the industry level to show that countries with laxer environmental …. We propose an instrument for environmental regulation based on meteorological determinants of pollution dispersion identi …...ed by the atmospheric pollution literature. We find that the effect of environmental regulation on the pattern of trade is …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010951352
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Trade and the Greenhouse Gas Emissions from International Freight Transport
Cristea, Anca D.; Hummels, David L.; Puzzello, Laura; … - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2011
We collect extensive data on worldwide trade by transportation mode and use this to provide detailed comparisons of the greenhouse gas emissions associated with output versus international transportation of traded goods. International transport is responsible for 33 percent of world-wide...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10009652832
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What Role for Trade in a Post 2012 Global Climate Policy Regime
Whalley, John - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2011
This paper discusses the role that trade can potentially play in both negotiating and operating a post Kyoto/post 2012 global climate policy regime. As an addition to the bargaining set for a global climate negotiation, trade in principle widens the range of jointly beneficial potential outcomes...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10009325502
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Embodied Carbon Tariffs
Rutherford, Thomas F.; Böhringer, Christoph; Carbone, … - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2011
In a world where the prospects of a global agreement to control greenhouse gas emissions are bleak, the idea of using trade policy as an implicit regulation of foreign emission sources has gained many supporters in countries contemplating unilateral climate policies. Embodied carbon tariffs tax...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10009277238
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Pollution and International Trade in Services
Levinson, Arik - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2009
small, for two reasons. First, services account for only a small fraction of overall pollution. For none of five major air … relation to the environment, because services in general contribute relatively little to overall pollution, and those …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10004961459
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Carbon Motivated Border Tax Adjustments: Old Wine in Green Bottles?
Whalley, John; Lockwood, Ben - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2008
We discuss emerging proposals for border tax adjustments (BTAs) to accompany commitments to reduce carbon emissions in the EU, the US and other OECD economies. The rationale offered for such border adjustment is that various entities, such as the EU, if making commitments to reduce emissions...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005778886