The internationally recognized methodology for collecting and using R&D statistics, the Frascati Manual is an essential tool for statisticians worldwide. It includes definitions of basic concepts, data collection guidelines, and classifications for compiling statistics. This updated edition...

The Frascati Manual, issued in 1994, is the basic international source of methodology for collecting and using research and development statistics. This fifth edition reflects recent changes in the structure of national science and technology systems and revisions in standard international...

Analysts and policy makers have made increasing use of patent indicators to analyse the rate and direction of technological activity. The Patents Manual, issued in 1994, provides information on how patent data can be used as indicators, and also shows how these can be linked to other statistics...