General government deficit is defined as the balance of income and expenditure of government, including capital income and capital expenditures. "Net lending" means that government has a surplus, and is providing financial resources to other sectors, while "net borrowing" means that government...

Monitoring progress towards meeting the Paris Agreement requires improving the tracking and measurement of public climate expenditure, investment, and revenues. This OECD working paper was prepared as part of the joint OECD-European Commission project on “Financing Climate Action in Regions...

The OECD-DAC Survey on forward spending plans is the only regular process that brings together most bilateral and multilateral aid spending plans up to 3 years ahead at the global level. The Survey traces country programmable aid (CPA), a core subset of gross bilateral overseas development aid...

The OECD-DAC Survey on forward spending plans is the only regular process that brings together most bilateral and multilateral aid spending plans up to 3 years ahead at the global level. The Survey traces country programmable aid (CPA), a core subset of gross bilateral overseas development aid...

Persistent inequalities between women and men in income, unpaid work, paid work and other dimensions disadvantage women, undermine human rights and damage economic prosperity. Despite the challenges in measuring economic resources at the individual level in a consistent manner across countries,...

Stimulus packages adopted following the COVID-19 pandemic – such as the US Inflation Reduction Act and NextGenerationEU - have been presented as an opportunity to "build back better" and accelerate the transition to a low-carbon economy while re-igniting the economy. But this revival of...