The Russian Federation faces important economic and social challenges. By 1998 national income was little more than half its level in 1990. Life expectancy for men is now about 61 years, compared to 65 years a decade ago. The rate of suicide and self-inflicted injuries is more than three times...

Coming In from the Cold provides a road map of options to help transition economy policy makers sort through key district heating issues. It finds that district heating systems in formerly socialist countries could save the equivalent of 80 billion cubic meters of natural gas a year through...

District heating has the potential to make a substantial contribution to a sustainable energy future in Central Europe and the former Soviet Union. It is a critical energy source for countries in transition, covering 60 percent of heating and hot water needs

Ce rapport passe en revue l'expérience de onze pays européens (y compris la Russie) et des États-Unis dans l'élaboration et la mise en oeuvre de politiques de transports urbains durables. Des rapports nationaux et une analyse synthétique permettent de tirer des leçons des politiques qui...