This note provides information on the global value chain for the production of surgical masks and N95 respirators in the context of the COVID-19 crisis. It analyses the causes of the current shortage of these key medical supplies needed to prevent the spread of coronavirus, and reviews some...

Clusters of firms and related organizations in a range of industry specializations are a striking feature of the economic landscape in all countries. Their growth and survival depends on internal processes of specialization, cooperation and rivalry, and knowledge flows that underpin the...

Clusters of firms and related organisations in a range of industry specialisations are a striking feature of the economic landscape in all countries. Their growth and survival depends on internal processes of specialisation, co-operation and rivalry, and knowledge flows that underpin the...

Regional innovation includes regional data on patent and co-patent by technology (fractional count, by inventor and priority year); R&D expenses and R&D employees; labour force and student enrolment by ISCED level. The territorial grids (TL2 and TL3) used in this database are officially...

Both firms, keen to improve their competitiveness, and governments, keen to exploit new sources of economic and social progress, need to understand how innovation works in order to better stimulate it. The paradox of innovation is that it uses co-operation to enhance competition and to link many...

Dans un monde en rapide évolution, le progrès des nations, des sociétés et des individus est probablement plus que jamais lié à leur capacité d'adaptation au changement, ainsi qu'à leur capacité d'acquisition et de partage des connaissances. Cet ouvrage précise les concepts de capital...

In a rapidly changing world, the success of nations, communities and individuals may be linked, more than ever before, to how they adapt to change, learn and share knowledge. This report helps clarify the concepts of human and social capital and evaluates their impact on economic growth and...