Promoting integrity in subnational government can be a challenge, but it is crucial. Indeed, it is often at this level where trust in government is forged, and where actions to promote integrity have the greatest impact. This report looks at efforts in Peru to introduce an integrity function at...

In recent decades, federal and unitary countries have increasingly adopted or deepened regional governance reforms, especially in the OECD and Europe, but also in Asia, America and to a lesser extent Africa. Approximately two-thirds of countries around the world have increased the power of...

Total fixed investment, also called gross fixed capital formation (GFCF), in real terms. It is defined as the outlays (purchases and own-account production) of industries, producers of government services and producers of private non-profit services to households, on additions of new durable...