Access to trade finance, i.e. financial instruments and means of payments for international transactions, can enable SME engagement in international activities through direct exporting and participation in global value chains, and ultimately foster inclusive economic growth and innovation. The...

Vom 9. bis 10. Dezember 1996 fand in Wien ein Seminar statt, das sich mit dem Umstellungsprozess der Banken der Transformationsländer befaßte. Zu diesem Zeitpunkt befanden sich Rumänien und Bulgarien in schwerwiegenden Reformproblemen, zu deren Lösung dieses Diskussionsforum beitragen...

As digital transformation has accelerated, the e-commerce landscape has become increasingly dynamic. New players have emerged at the same time that established actors have taken on new roles; some barriers to e-commerce at the firm, individual and country levels have been overcome, while other...

Natural resources, and the materials derived from them, represent the physical basis for the economic system. Recent decades have witnessed an unprecedented growth in demand for these resources, which has triggered interest from policy makers in transitioning to a more resource efficient and...