This technical note presents two forward-looking scenarios for climate finance provided and mobilised by developed countries in the context of the USD 100 billion goal set under the UNFCCC. The analysis of public climate finance provided is based on the stated intentions, pledges and targets of...

Analysing the interaction between energy and climate change mitigation issues requires the adoption of a long-term perspective – looking up to fifty years ahead. This volume examines ‘exploratory scenarios’ and ‘normative scenarios’. These long-term scenarios complement the IEA’s...

This document intends to prioritise the sectors of the chemical industry for which more refined ESDs should be developed, provides key concepts and tools which are instrumental in the production of ESDs for the chemical industry such as life cycle stages, factors influencing emissions and...

This OECD Emission Scenario Document (ESD) is a complement document to the Emission Scenario Document on Plastic Additives, ESD No. 3, and provides information on the sources, use patterns and release pathways of chemicals used as additives in plastics to assist in the estimation of releases of...

This Guidance Document intends to provide an introduction to Emission Scenario Documents (ESDs) and thereby, to facilitate their development and use in Member countries and at the OECD level. It is also expected that this Guidance Document could contribute to the increase of consistency of...

With an electricity system defined by high shares of hydropower, large capacity for interconnection with its neighbours and low carbon intensity, Switzerland is well positioned to attain its objective of net zero carbon emissions by 2050. However, the exact pathway remains the subject of...

This OECD Emission Scenario Document (ESD) is intended to provide information on the sources, use patterns, and potential release pathways of chemicals used in hydraulic fracturing. The document presents standard approaches for estimating the environmental releases of and occupational exposures...

Solving the world's environmental problems could take a significant toll on economic growth if only today's technologies are available. We know that innovation - the creation and adoption of new cleaner technologies and know-how - provides a means to achieve local and global environmental goals...