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force. This report points to a decline in public support for research and development (R&D), mainly affecting basic, long …-term research, and examines the levelling-off in private sector R&D along with changes in its direction away from basic, exploratory … research towards more market-driven and short-term innovative efforts. It explores how the special characteristics of national …
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Analysts and policy makers have made increasing use of patent indicators to analyse the rate and direction of technological activity. The Patents Manual, issued in 1994, provides information on how patent data can be used as indicators, and also shows how these can be linked to other statistics...
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Given the increasing competitiveness and greater geo-political significance of higher education and research, and the … strategies being devised by new HEIs to grow research. By focusing on new HEIs, this book provides a unique profile of the …
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Researchers are professionals engaged in the conception or creation of new knowledge, products, processes, methods and systems, as well as in the management of the projects concerned. This indicator is measured in per 1 000 people employed and in number of researchers; the data are available as...
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Public Procurement scheme; Ministerial Orders for R&D services; and Urgent and “Required” Research and Technology Orders. …
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