High standards of public governance are the essential foundation for achieving sustainable economic growth and social cohesion. Without high standards, there can be no confidence in the integrity of public institutions or indeed in the value of democratic processes in promoting and protecting...

The public procurement Directives only apply if a body is a contracting authority (contracting entity in the Utilities sector) within the definition of the Directives. SIGMA Brief 3 gives guidance on the notion of a contracting authority/entity under the directives (especially the concept of...

This review examines the recent reforms undertaken by the government of Kazakhstan in the area of public governance and evaluates their impact on the effectiveness, strategic capacity and accountability of the state. The review places particular emphasis on strategic planning, policy and...