Les conséquences de la guerre en Ukraine seront sévèrement ressenties au sein des économies de l'OCDE, en particulier dans les régions frontalières qui se trouvent en première ligne de la crise humanitaire des réfugiés. Les conséquences économiques, en particulier celles liées à la...

Hard-core cartels are the most egregious violations of competition law. What are the most appropriate tools to fight them? . In this book, the OECD identifies an increasingly successful  "carrot-and-stick"  approach -  applying stiffer punishment for cartel operators and enhancing programmes...

The OECD Competition Committee debated cartel sanctions against individuals in October 2003. This document includes an executive summary and the documents from the meeting: an analytical note by Mr. Andreas Reindl of the OECD, written submissions from Australia, Canada, Chinese Taipei, Israel,...

This paper explores how the basic amount of a fine is calculated, analyses how the basic fine adjustments due to aggravating and mitigating circumstances vary or converge across jurisdictions and reviews several challenges competition authorities often face when levying fines based on the...