While substantial fertility decline has started to take place in other countries of the south Asian region Pakistan has shown only a slight decline in the prevailing high fertility rates. Several demographers, economists and sociologists have emphasised the role of demand for children as an...

The concept ‘middle class’ is one of the most commonly used terms in the social sciences, including economics, sociology and political science. Despite its frequent use there is, however, no consensus on what the term exactly implies and its meaning remains ambiguous depending primarily on...

Population growth and size have remained the focus of debate for centuries but the recent demographic transition in developing countries has made social scientists take note of the changing age structure of the population as well. As a result of declining population growth and consequent changes...