Economic integration between North and South Korea occurs through three modalities: traditional arm's-length trade and …. Through a survey of 200 South Korean firms operating in North Korea, the authors find that these modalities of exchange matter …

business in North Korea, we consider how informal institutions have addressed these problems in a setting in which rule of law …

A central hope of engagement with North Korea is that increased cross-border exchange will encourage the strengthening … enterprises operating in North Korea reveals that trade is largely dominated by state entities on the North Korean side, although … North Korea, at least as it is currently proceeding, will foster reform and opening. …

--one conducted in China, one in South Korea--document that the regime disproportionately targets politically suspect groups, and …

As a small country dependent on foreign trade and investment, North Korea should be highly vulnerable to external … economic pressure. In June 2009, following North Korea's second nuclear test, the UN Security Council passed Resolution 1874 … has been to push North Korea into closer economic relations with China and other trading partners that show little …

-migration to third countries. Most of the refugees want to permanently resettle in South Korea, though younger, better …

This study finds that North Korea's nuclear test and the imposition of UN Security Council sanctions have had no … perceptible effect on North Korea's trade with its two largest partners, China and South Korea. Before North Korea conducted an … these events have had any effect on North Korea's trade with its two principal partners. In retrospect, North Korea may have …

North Korea’s international transactions have grown since the 1990s famine period. Illicit transactions appear to … finance imports. Interdependence with South Korea and China is rising, but the nature of integration with these two partners … is very different: China’s interaction with North Korea appears to be increasingly on market-oriented terms, while South …

North Korea has been experiencing a food emergency for more than a decade, and in the 1990s experienced a famine that …