In the early 1970s, Malaysia began to be inundated by foreign workers, all of whom were irregular migrants. A decade later their uncontrolled entry left several negative consequences especially to the internal and border security of the country. To overcome the problems, Malaysia introduced the...

The article compares and contrasts the scale and composition of workers` outflow and remittance flow from 1994 to 2012 at the national level and in East Java and West Nusa Tenggara--two big migrant-sending provinces. Analysis over the longer period gives a better understanding of contemporary...

For decades, Thailand has had a strong labor market in both supplying and demanding labor resources. Since the 1970s, Thailand has sent workers to the Middle East, Japan, Taiwan, Singapore, and Malaysia, among others. Based on the Socio-Economic Survey, emigrant workers come from households with...

As the thrust of the study is upland development with greater sensitivity to the underlying causes of change, this examines in detail the extent of population pressure in Philippine upland communities with respect to the conditions affecting population growth, including the broader elements of...