Even with lapses in its implementation during the 1980s, trade reform has been continuously brought to the fore of structural adjustment program. It has become increasingly crucial during the 1990s not only because of the backlash of import-substitution but also of the country’s heavy foreign...

The shipping transport industry plays a very important role in the country's development. An efficient shipping industry that facilitates the movement of commodities, products and people is therefore vital to the growth of the country. The country's domestic shipping industry, however, has been...

Results of relative welfare analysis conducted in this paper indicate that a large proportion of welfare losses in the past have been shouldered by the consumers. In addition, this article shows that the hypothesis of cartel-like behavior is consistent with the adverse results obtained.

Within the context of “NIC-hood,” this paper advances that the country and the government should understand and situate the parameters of Philippine development. It also asserts that rethinking agricultural development and strengthening of industries and tradable services should be made.