We compare male and female upward labor income mobility in Germany and the United States using the GSOEP-PSID Cross-National Equivalent File. Our main interest is to test whether a glass ceiling exists for women. Conventional thinking about the glass ceiling highlights the belief that the...

The file BIOBIRTH covers the following information: (1) sum, year of birth and sex of the biological children of a male/female respondent up to the last date of interview (2) Person identifier (KIDPNR(n)) of the children (provided the child can be identified) which corresponds to variable PID in...

The file BIOBIRTH covers the following information: (1) sum, year of birth and sex of the biological children of a male/female respondent up to the last date of interview (2) Person identifier (KIDPNR(n)) of the children (provided the child can be identified) which corresponds to variable PID in...