Previous studies on the role of FTAs in promoting members' international trade have usually focused on FTA premium …, ignoring the difference between selection effects - trade developments before the formation of FTAs - and "learning" effects … - trade growth after the formation of FTAs. This paper considers this difference, using a large bilateral trade panel …

trade protection and income support. Similarly, environmentally damaging industries often lobby effectively for less …

The Zollverein was the first international customs union, essentially defining these particular trade agreements. This … detailing these financial, strategic and political externalities and demonstrating their influence on trade policy decisions. …

This paper explores the role of pooled-producer, e.g. private label, trade intermediation n shaping the range and … diversity of exports. Direct sales maintain a firm's unique product characteristics (`brand equity'), whereas trade through an … trade variety for volume, firms face greater competition from the new pooled-products, and intermediaries capture much of …