Factor and transformation analysis are used to find stable categories of financial ratios, and to test hypotheses concerning accrual ratios, cash flow ratios, and market-based ratios. Six stable factors are observed for Finnish data covering 1974-84. Contrary to expectations market-based ratios...

This paper presents a realistic simulation testbench for evaluating the various methods for estimating the long-term profitability of business firms in terms of the internal rate of return (IRR) of their capital investments. The simulation model extends the earlier, rigid approaches by...