, especially on the BS implied volatility. Implied binomialtrees (IBT) models capture the variations of the implied volatility … known as \volatility smile". They provide a discrete approximation to the continuous risk neutral process for the underlying … Barle and Cakici (BC). After the formation of IBT we can estimate the implied local volatility and thestate price density …

option prices. But some of its assumptions, like constant volatility or log-normal distribution of asset prices,do not find … implied volatility surface. To overcome this problem Carr and Madan (1999) developed a fast method to compute option prices …

lognormal distributions with constant volatility parameter. In practice volatility changes and the distribution deviates from … allows calculation of future volatility and can be applied to hedging exotic options. …

Implied volatility is one of the key issues in modern quantitative finance, since plain vanilla option prices contain … yield low dimensional representations of the implied volatility surface (IVS). We discussestimation issues of the model and …

implied volatilities (IV) plays an important role, since volatility is the crucial parameter in the Black-Scholes (BS) pricing … known as volatility smiles or smirks that contradict the assumption of constant volatility in the BS pricing model. On the …

method in volatility estimation and risk management given simulated and real data. Numerical results show the proposed method …