When analyzing the productivity of firms, one may want to compare how the firms transform a set of inputs x (typically … labor, energy or capital) into an output y (typically a quantity of goods produced). The economic efficiency of a firm is … inputs. The efficiency of a firm may then be estimated via the distance between the attained production level and the optimal …

Estimation …

estimation methodologies such as single-equation error correction and first differences specifications. A longer term perspective … is provided by a productivity-based model of the real value of the euro. Some panel regression estimates of the … relationship between intercountry relative productivity differentials and real exchange rates is presented. Using these estimates …

Fairness is a strong concern as shown by the robust results of dictator giving and ultimatum experiments. Efficiency … provision games. In our experiment participants can increase efficiency by gift giving at the cost of reducing their own … for mutual gift giving. In both cases decisions can be conditioned on whether there is or there is not an efficiency gain …