the outbreak, i.e. for detecting an increase in incidence as soon as possible. In Sweden, two types of data are collected … severe for ILI. No geographical pattern was found. Instead, it was found that the influenza outbreak starts at about the same … metropolitan group and the locality group were studied and it was found that the time difference in the onset of the outbreak was …

diseases but also in financial and other contexts. It is important to detect the onset of the outbreak as soon as possible to … allow timely action to be taken. New observations are made sequentially, and decisions whether the outbreak has started or … to ensure a quick and reliable detection. <p>In paper I, “Robust outbreak surveillance of epidemics in Sweden”, a semi …

Spatial surveillance is a special case of multivariate surveillance. Thus, in this review of spatial outbreak methods …, the relation to general multivariate surveillance approaches is discussed. Different outbreak models are needed for … likelihood ratio method. The change at the outbreak may be a step change from the non-epidemic period to an increased incidence …

A system for detecting changes in an on-going process is needed in many situations. On-line monitoring (surveillance … monitoring one or several indicators, we can, early, detect a change in the processes of interest. There are several suggested …

in on-line monitoring. Earlier suggested statistical models are reviewed and the possibility of using them to describe … estimated functions varied considerably between years. For monitoring purposes we need models which focus on stable indicators … of the change at the outbreak and at the peak. <p> For outbreak detection we focus on ILI data. Instead of a parametric …

surveillance of an “outbreak” situation is derived. The method is semiparametric in the sense that the regression model is …