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Use of wood fuels from boreal forests will create a biofuel carbon debt with a long payback time
Holtsmark, Bjart - Statistisk Sentralbyrå, Government of Norway - 2010
Owing to the extensive critique of food-crop-based biofuels, attention and hopes have turned toward second-generation wood-based biofuels. An important question is therefore whether wood from boreal forests could serve as a source for biofuels. However, in a typical boreal forest, it takes...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10008751615
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Political motives in climate and energy policy
Bruvoll, Annegrete; Dalen, Hanne Marit; Larsen, Bodil M. - Statistisk Sentralbyrå, Government of Norway - 2012
Standard economic theory provides clear guidance on the design of cost-efficient policy in the presence of imperfect markets and externalities. However, observed policies reveal extensive discrepancies between principles and practise. Based on interviews with core politicians from the Norwegian...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010678260
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Emissions trading with offset markets and free quota allocations
Rosendahl, Knut Einar; Strand, Jon - Statistisk Sentralbyrå, Government of Norway - 2012
We study interactions between a “policy bloc’s” emissions quota market and an offset market where emissions offsets can … are assumed to benefit from free quota allocations that are updated according to either past emissions or past outputs. We …-bloc quota price. The offset price will then be below the marginal damage cost of emissions, and the quota price in the policy …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010817190
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Implementing the EU renewable target through green certificate markets
Aune, Finn Roar; Dalen, Hanne Marit; Hagem, Cathrine - Statistisk Sentralbyrå, Government of Norway - 2010
The EU Parliament has agreed on a target of a 20 % share of renewables in the EU’s total energy consumption by 2020. To achieve the target, the Council has adopted mandatory differentiated national targets for each of the Member States. In this paper we consider the potential for cost...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10008673408
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Capacity utilization in a generalized Malmquist index including environmental factors. A decomposition analysis
Bye, Torstein; Bruvoll, Annegrete; Larsson, Jan - Statistisk Sentralbyrå, Government of Norway - 2006
Productivity measures ignoring environmental effects may give misleading information on total productivity growth. Further, business cycles in the form of capacity utilization may also significantly influence productivity measures. In this paper, we develop an overall Malmquist productivity...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10004980620
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Effects of inspections on plants' regulatory and environmental performance - evidence from Norwegian manufacturing industries
Telle, Kjetil - Statistisk Sentralbyrå, Government of Norway - 2004
The present paper investigates effects of regulatory inspections on compliance and emissions of energy intensive … a positive relationship between the probability of an inspection and emissions. It appears puzzeling that increased … probability of inspection can yield both reduced probability of violation and higher emissions. The possibility that such a puzzle …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10004980676
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Technological changes in the pulp and paper industry and the role of uniform versus selective environmental policy
Bruvoll, Annegrete; Bye, Torstein; Larsson, Jan; Telle, … - Statistisk Sentralbyrå, Government of Norway - 2003
overall productivity growth accounting for changes in emissions of COD to water is higher than the growth in the productivity … measure including conventional inputs only. We find the opposite result when including emissions of acids and climate gases to … air. This is probably due to environmental regulations with opposing effects on different emissions. A decomposition of …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10004980677
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Unit Roots, Polynomial Transformations and the Environmental Kuznets Curve
Liu, Gang; Skjerpen, Terje; Swensen, Anders Rygh; … - Statistisk Sentralbyrå, Government of Norway - 2006
Time-series regressions including non-linear transformations of an integrated variable are not uncommon in various fields of economics. In particular, within the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) literature, where the effect on the environment of income levels is investigated, it is standard...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10004980867
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Consequences of the IPPC-directive’s BAT requirements for abatement costs and emissions
Larsson, Jan; Telle, Kjetil - Statistisk Sentralbyrå, Government of Norway - 2005
accordance with the best practice technology by reducing emissions only. Both interpretations reveal substantial potential for …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10004980881
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The double dividend in the presence of abatement technologies and local external effects
Bjertnæs, Geir H.; Tsygankova, Marina; Martinsen, Thomas - Statistisk Sentralbyrå, Government of Norway - 2012
house gas emissions is raised above the international quota price within the Norwegian economy. The hypothesis does not hold …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010678306