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The Assumption of Equal Marginal Utility of Income: How Much Does it Matter?
Medin, Hege; Nyborg, Karine; Bateman, Ian - Statistisk Sentralbyrå, Government of Norway - 1998
In most applied cost-benefit analyses, individual willingness to pay is aggregated without using explicit welfare weights. This can be justified by postulating a utilitarian social welfare function, along with the assumption of equal marginal utility of income for all individuals. However, since...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10004980521
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The Political Man and Contingent Valuation: Motives Do Count
Nyborg, Karine - Statistisk Sentralbyrå, Government of Norway - 1996
In addition to his role as a consumer pursuing his own interests, an individual may also regard himself as an ethical observer, judging matters from society's point of view. It is not clear which of these possibly conflicting roles respondents in contingent valuation studies take on. This leads...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10004980762
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Compensated Variation in Random Utility Models
Dagsvik, John K. - Statistisk Sentralbyrå, Government of Norway - 2001
In this paper we introduce the notion of random expenditure function and derive the distribution of the expenditure function and corresponding compensated choice probabilities in the general case when the (random) utilities are nonlinear in income. We also derive formulae for expenditure and...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10004980655
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Promoting renewables and discouraging fossil energy consumption in the European Union
Hagem, Cathrine - Statistisk Sentralbyrå, Government of Norway - 2010
The European Union (EU) identified some positive and negative externalities related to energy production and … consumption when adopting its Renewable Energy and Climate Change Package. Given these externalities, we derive the optimal … policy instruments in each country, given the externalities addressed in this paper. …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10008472744
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Price and welfare effects of emission quota allocation
Golombek, Rolf; Kittelsen, Sverre A.C.; Rosendahl, Knut … - Statistisk Sentralbyrå, Government of Norway - 2011
We analyze how different ways of allocating emission quotas may influence the electricity market. Using a large-scale numerical model of the Western European energy market, we show that different allocation mechanisms can have very different effects on the electricity market, even if the total...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10009292830
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Child Care in the Welfare State A critique of the Rosen model
Aslaksen, Iulie; Koren, Charlotte - Statistisk Sentralbyrå, Government of Norway - 2000
extend Rosen's model, we analyze the case of positive externalities associated with child quality. The positive externality …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10004980969
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Cost-Benefit Analysis and the Democratic Ideal
Nyborg, Karine; Spangen, Inger - Statistisk Sentralbyrå, Government of Norway - 1997
In traditional cost-benefit analyses of public projects, every citizen’s willingness to pay for a project is given an equal weight. This is sometimes taken to imply that cost-benefit analysis is a democratic method for making public decisions, as opposed to, for example, political processes...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10004980554
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Project Evaluations and Decision Processes
Nyborg, Karine - Statistisk Sentralbyrå, Government of Norway - 1995
Cost-benefit analysis have been attacked by many critics because of its implicit ethical assumptions. The normative content of the method is at odds with the common attitude that economists should analyze how to reach given goals, while determination of the goals should be left to the...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10004980687
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Some Norwegian Politicians' Use of Cost-Benefit Analysis
Nyborg, Karine - Statistisk Sentralbyrå, Government of Norway - 1996
Members of the Norwegian Parliament were interviewed about the decision process concerning national road investments. Most of them found cost-benefit analysis useful, but apparently not as a device for ranking projects. Rather, the cost-benefit ratio was used to pick project proposals requiring...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10004980939
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On the value of households' recycling efforts
Bruvoll, Annegrete; Nyborg, Karine - Statistisk Sentralbyrå, Government of Norway - 2002
Do households' recycling efforts represent a social cost, which should be taken into account in cost-benefit analyses of alternative waste treatment systems? Some argue that it should not, since recycling efforts are to a large extent voluntary. We demonstrate that if the government can...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10004980959