EU, China, Russia and - across the Black Sea - Iran and Turkey are competing in these zones to influence the …’s common integrated electricity grid. China is gaining considerable influence in the electricity sector, setting standards and …

other things, underlined the significance of energy cooperation between the European Union (EU) and Turkey. Traditionally … will decisively shape the nature and future of Turkey-EU energy relations. Indeed, both European and Turkish interests … related to energy security, energy affordability, and climate change mitigation require EU-Turkey cooperation in the …

actors such as Russia, China and Turkey. Within the WB6, the two "outliers" of Serbia and Bosnia-Herzegovina’s Republika …

Middle Corridor, both as a regional economic zone comprising Central Asia, the Caucasus, and Turkey but also as an … increasingly attrac­tive alternative route between Europe and China. Russia’s war has disrupted overland connectivity via the New … foreign relations away from Moscow and Beijing provide Turkey with greater leverage in the region. The EU and Turkey share a …

China, Russia, Turkey and the United Arab Emirates (UAE). Their engagement has been most evident in the areas of direct … investment, trade and energy security. Investments from these countries can increase the risk of “corrosive capital”, which could … intensifying rivalry between the EU on the one hand and Russia and China on the other, the question therefore arises as to how the …

Turkey's neo-Eurasianist ideologues describe themselves as “Kemalist Eurasianists”. They argue that “Eurasianism calls … for a cultural, military, political and commercial alliance with Turkey’s eastern neighbors, notably Russia, Iran, the … Turkic countries of Central Asia, and even Pakistan, India and China” and is “hostile towards any type of pro-Western policy …

The AKP leadership's diaspora policy has created tensions between Turkey and European countries. Turkey's gradual slide … security policies of Turkey and the EU have deepened the mistrust in relations between that country and the Union. Concerns … of mosque communities from Turkey's influence in order to maintain a balanced diaspora landscape. …

The Ukraine crisis poses two particularly uneasy questions for Turkey: How to uphold a power balance in the Black Sea … both deterrence and dialogue. In regards deterrence, Turkey is closer to the non-EU members of NATO such as the US and the … UK. Meanwhile, Turkey’s policy of dialogue is similar to that of EU members, most notably Germany. However, while there …

watershed event for Europe and the wider world, Tur­key included. While Ankara is trying to protect its economy and security … likely that, in the short-term, Turkey's NATO membership and its Association Agreement with the EU will - geopolitically and … anchoring is far from certain, however, mainly due to Turkey’s domestic political dynamics, but also due to the unclarity about …