global order. Without indicating a radical shift, the strategy specifies the British response to China and Russia and places …

Russia. Rather, a new chapter of enlargement policy is beginning in the shadow of war. After Turkey and the six Western … Balkan countries, the third enlargement area is formed by Ukraine, Moldova and Georgia in Eastern Europe. Ever since Russia …

unmistakable competition over integration between the EU and Russia. The eastern Mediterranean region, the Black Sea and Caspian … EU, China, Russia and - across the Black Sea - Iran and Turkey are competing in these zones to influence the …

for a cultural, military, political and commercial alliance with Turkey’s eastern neighbors, notably Russia, Iran, the …

Russia's full-scale invasion of Ukraine has fundamentally changed the terms of Russia-China economic relations …. Economic cooperation with China has become vital for the Russian economy. Trade turnover between Russia and China has increased … significantly since February 2022. However, Chinese companies remain hesitant about investing in Russia. Energy cooperation remains …

Any conflict with a nuclear power like Russia carries the risk that nuclear weapons could be used, and President … Vladimir Putin is aggressively exploiting such concerns. With its nuclear threats, the Kremlin is moving away from Russia … consequences. If Russia succeeds in using nuclear deterrence to shield an offensive conventional war, this could further …

-Westernism in Ankara-Moscow relations, and reshape Turkey's relations with Russia and the West. The balancing policy will face a … less permissive environment. However, a rupture in Turkey-Russia relations is not to be expected. Given the prohibitive …-Westernisms manifest themselves differently in policy terms. Finally, Russia's geopolitical revisionism is set to drive Turkey and the West …