Russia wants to realise a high degree of self-regulated stability in the Arctic. Moscow considers this necessary for … well as neighbouring countries and NATO consider these efforts a threat. Russia takes a defensive attitude in the Arctic …, but it is prepared for rapid escalation in the event of confrontation. Russia's Arctic policy is a part of its strategy …

unmistakable competition over integration between the EU and Russia. The eastern Mediterranean region, the Black Sea and Caspian … EU, China, Russia and - across the Black Sea - Iran and Turkey are competing in these zones to influence the …

for a cultural, military, political and commercial alliance with Turkey’s eastern neighbors, notably Russia, Iran, the …

Economic stagnation and demographic change in Russia are putting intense pressure on the government budget. Tax … revenues have been declining since the late 2000s. Meanwhile, the oil dependency of Russia’s budget has in …

. Economic cooperation with China has become vital for the Russian economy. Trade turnover between Russia and China has increased … significantly since February 2022. However, Chinese companies remain hesitant about investing in Russia. Energy cooperation remains …Russia's full-scale invasion of Ukraine has fundamentally changed the terms of Russia-China economic relations …

Russia's fullscale invasion of Ukraine since 24 February 2022 has not shaken France's security policy as fundamentally … partners that President Emmanuel Macron caused in 2022 with his statements about the need to reach out to Russia. However …, substantial differences between Germany and France remain and have intensified in some cases, making bilateral cooperation more …

-Pacific strategy with that of the US, there are ample opportunities to strengthen cooperation between the EU and the Republic of Korea … solid existing basis of bilateral cooperation enabled by their strategic partnership, cooperation between the EU and the ROK … of security cooperation. As South Korea’s and the EU’s Indo-Pacific strategies highlight similar areas of action …

. An awareness of this fact can provide an incentive for cooperation. Efforts made to avoid the risk of escalation can also … pro­mote cooperation. Both states are dependent on a functioning international order. However, this insight is all too …