unmistakable competition over integration between the EU and Russia. The eastern Mediterranean region, the Black Sea and Caspian … EU, China, Russia and - across the Black Sea - Iran and Turkey are competing in these zones to influence the …

components. Although a decoupling from Russia’s raw ma­terial supply is generally possible, there is no way for the EU to achieve …

Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine in February 2022 also called the sovereignty of Belarus into question. The … to preserve his chance at serving as a mediator. Nevertheless, Belarus’ structural dependence on Russia has continued to …

Die russische Vollinvasion der Ukraine stellte im Februar 2022 auch die Souveränität von Belarus in Frage. Das Land … suchte die Chance auf eine Vermittlerrolle zu wahren. Dennoch nahm die strukturelle Abhängigkeit des Landes von Russland in …

In den letzten zwei Jahren hat Belarus Trägersysteme erworben, welche Minsk die Fähigkeit zum Einsatz von Nuklearwaffen … für eine mutmaßliche Sta­tionierung russischer Kernwaffen in Belarus haben. In erster Linie geht es offenbar darum, die … Handlungsfreiheit der Nato gegenüber Belarus einzuschränken. Eine nukleare Bedrohung für Europa bedeuten solche Maßnahmen kaum. Deshalb …

Russia wants to realise a high degree of self-regulated stability in the Arctic. Moscow considers this necessary for … well as neighbouring countries and NATO consider these efforts a threat. Russia takes a defensive attitude in the Arctic …, but it is prepared for rapid escalation in the event of confrontation. Russia's Arctic policy is a part of its strategy …

for a cultural, military, political and commercial alliance with Turkey’s eastern neighbors, notably Russia, Iran, the …

Economic stagnation and demographic change in Russia are putting intense pressure on the government budget. Tax … revenues have been declining since the late 2000s. Meanwhile, the oil dependency of Russia’s budget has in …

Russia's full-scale invasion of Ukraine has fundamentally changed the terms of Russia-China economic relations …. Economic cooperation with China has become vital for the Russian economy. Trade turnover between Russia and China has increased … significantly since February 2022. However, Chinese companies remain hesitant about investing in Russia. Energy cooperation remains …