In recent weeks, Japan’s government under Prime Minister Kishida Fumio has im­plemented significant adjustments to the country’s security policy. In December 2022, Tokyo published a new National Security Strategy along with two other defence-related strategic documents. In doing so, the...

One year after Russia's invasion of Ukraine, certain assumptions about the utility of cyber operations during wartime can now be put to the test. Russian cyber salvos opened this war, but they failed to achieve their objectives in the face of a resilient cyber defender. Joint cyber/conventional...

As high-level European Union (EU) policy documents call for investment in active cyber defence capabilities, the legal and political powers for their use remain ill-defined. To demonstrate their commitment to principles of responsible state behaviour and due diligence, the EU and its member...

The political debate over implementing qualified majority voting (QMV) into the Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP) is of high political relevance, especially given the shifting geopolitical landscape in Europe, including Russia’s aggression against Ukraine and uncertainties regarding...

Das Fundament des Internets zeigt Risse. Zentrale Elemente der Netz-Infrastruktur gehen auf Entscheidungen zurück, die vor Jahrzehnten getroffen wurden. Seitdem aber hat sich der technische Kontext ebenso massiv verändert wie die politische Bedeutung des Internets. Für die deutsche...

International law and voluntary norms have not effectively prevented state, proxy, or other criminals from malicious and harmful behaviour in cyberspace. Geopolitical confrontation and tension beyond cyberspace with major threat actors have largely exhausted sanctions. Faced with threats that...

AI holds the promise of being able to analyse large amounts of data faster and more reliably than humans can. So is it also possible to use AI systems to analyse information relevant to diplomatic negotiations in a way that adds significant strategic value? We explore this question through two...

As the demands on German foreign and security policy increase in a Europe charac­terised by multiple crises, so do the demands on the German armed forces. In order for the Bundeswehr to become more assertive and effective as a deterrent, despite limiting factors such as personnel and materiel...

Die deutsche und europäische Migrationspolitik befindet sich im permanenten Krisenmodus. Plötzliche Anstiege ungeregelter Zuwanderung nähren ein Gefühl von Kontrollverlust, das wiederum von populistischen Kräften instrumentalisiert wird. Daher hat die Politik großes Interesse an...

Täuschung und Medienmanipulation sind seit jeher fester Bestandteil der Kriegskommunikation. Nie zuvor aber war es derart einfach, qualitativ hochwertige Fäl­schungen von Ton-, Bild- und Videoaufzeichnungen zu erstellen. Die menschliche Neigung, emotional auf diese Medien zu reagieren,...