EU, China, Russia and - across the Black Sea - Iran and Turkey are competing in these zones to influence the …’s common integrated electricity grid. China is gaining considerable influence in the electricity sector, setting standards and … unmistakable competition over integration between the EU and Russia. The eastern Mediterranean region, the Black Sea and Caspian …

collective defence, similar to NATO in Europe, has not existed in the region. In 2014, the People’s Republic of China under Xi … security architecture as an antagonistic order in which security is estab­lished against, and not with, China. This …

increasingly attrac­tive alternative route between Europe and China. Russia’s war has disrupted overland connectivity via the New …Among the many significant geopolitical consequences of Russia’s war against Ukraine has been the reinvigoration of the … Trans-Caspian International Transport Route is likely to increase its potential at the expense of Russia in the long …

While the world’s attention is focused on Russia’s war against Ukraine and the inten­sifying conflict between the US … and China, the security situation on the Korean Peninsula has continued to deteriorate. North Korea is steadily advancing …

actors such as Russia, China and Turkey. Within the WB6, the two "outliers" of Serbia and Bosnia-Herzegovina’s Republika … Srpska use their for­eign and security relations with Russia to achieve their own political goals. While Serbia seeks support …

Russia. Rather, a new chapter of enlargement policy is beginning in the shadow of war. After Turkey and the six Western … Balkan countries, the third enlargement area is formed by Ukraine, Moldova and Georgia in Eastern Europe. Ever since Russia …. In a bid to overcome the dilemma between geopolitics and integration policy, the European Commission is currently …

more likely, furthering Turkey’s interests, and potentially limiting Russia’s role in the region. However, the prospect of … a "less Russia, more Turkey" dynamic heightens Tehran’s apprehensions towards Ankara. Particularly concerning for Iran …

Direct negotiations on a ceasefire in Russia's war against Ukraine broke down within just a few months. Today, Moscow …. Russia’s war diplomacy aims to weaken the "collective West" at the global level as part of its strategy to bring external … support for Ukraine to a halt. Ukraine is seeking to isolate Russia internationally. Meanwhile, Russia’s illegal war of …