China, Russia, Turkey and the United Arab Emirates (UAE). Their engagement has been most evident in the areas of direct … investment, trade and energy security. Investments from these countries can increase the risk of “corrosive capital”, which could … intensifying rivalry between the EU on the one hand and Russia and China on the other, the question therefore arises as to how the …

Russia's full-scale invasion of Ukraine has fundamentally changed the terms of Russia-China economic relations …. Economic cooperation with China has become vital for the Russian economy. Trade turnover between Russia and China has increased … significantly since February 2022. However, Chinese companies remain hesitant about investing in Russia. Energy cooperation remains …

Russia's fullscale invasion of Ukraine since 24 February 2022 has not shaken France's security policy as fundamentally … partners that President Emmanuel Macron caused in 2022 with his statements about the need to reach out to Russia. However …

Any conflict with a nuclear power like Russia carries the risk that nuclear weapons could be used, and President … Vladimir Putin is aggressively exploiting such concerns. With its nuclear threats, the Kremlin is moving away from Russia … from providing more substantial support to Ukraine, but also to intimidate the Western public. However, as long as NATO …

The invasion of Ukraine on 24 February 2022 has catapulted Russia from hard autoc­racy into dictatorship. The …

The Russian war of aggression against Ukraine is forcing Europeans into a confrontational security order. This also …

The desire of the European Union (EU) to reduce its dependency on Russia for gas and diversify its sources of supply by …

A close reading of Russia’s nuclear statements and actions during the first seven months of its war against Ukraine … prevent foreign military intervention; a more modest and rather unsuccessful attempt at dissuading foreign aid to Ukraine and … sanctions against Russia; and incremental nuclear coercion against Kyiv that spurred Western deterrence messaging in response …