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collective defence, similar to NATO in Europe, has not existed in the region. In 2014, the People’s Republic of China under Xi … security architecture as an antagonistic order in which security is estab­lished against, and not with, China. This …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013461228
Supporting regional integration processes within the context of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) is an integral component of Brussels’ strategic interest in South-East Asia. Hereby, Indonesia - regional primus inter pares and self-proclaimed driver of regional integration -...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011734220
Turkey’s policy in the Black Sea region is the result of not only a complex relationship with Russia but also of a difficult relationship with the West. In particular, US policy in the Middle East has a major impact on how Ankara positions itself in the Black Sea region. An important feature...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014381485
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10000668447
, especially in Iran. China's interests in the Middle East increasingly collide with those of the US, which has brought about a … in the region. Relations with Iran offer China various possibilities for balancing US influence. A decisive factor for … China's Iran policy are its regulatory ideas aiming to establish equality of influence between the major global powers in a …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013201673
’s common integrated electricity grid. China is gaining considerable influence in the electricity sector, setting standards and … EU, China, Russia and - across the Black Sea - Iran and Turkey are competing in these zones to influence the …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013201674
Russia's full-scale invasion of Ukraine has fundamentally changed the terms of Russia-China economic relations …. Economic cooperation with China has become vital for the Russian economy. Trade turnover between Russia and China has increased …. Russian arms exports have declined in recent years. Meanwhile, China exports large quantities of dual-use goods to Russia …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014534152
South Korea has been late to embrace the concept of the Indo-Pacific. Its strategic approach developed from initial neglect to mere tactic acknowledgment and careful engagement under the Moon administration (2017–2022), to the now clear support for a distinct Indo-Pacific strategy under the...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014231191
the United States and the People's Republic of China.Domestic political and social structural factors have a significant … weight and exert a moderating influence on China and America. …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014250405
Russia's attack on Ukraine has once again highlighted Europe's heavy dependence on Russian natural gas and thus, among other things, underlined the significance of energy cooperation between the European Union (EU) and Turkey. Traditionally, Turkish-European energy relations have prioritised the...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013347844