among firms affects simultaneously growth and unemployment. On the one hand, an increase of the elasticity of substitution …

greater the productivity gap from the leader country, but differences in unemployment benefit systems can lead to relative … social welfare benefits generate high unemployment and reduce the amount of labour employed for R&D purposes. Furthermore, it …

unemployment, the overall benefits of using labour market programmes may in fact be dubious. In this paper, we show that the usage … possibility of crowding in regular employment, thereby reducing total unemployment. This can be strengthened by using labour … market programmes in conjunction with a strict unemployment benefit policy. …