In this paper we discuss demand management problems in a multi-stage distribution chain.We focus on distribution chains … where demand processes have high variability due to a few large customer orders.We give a possible explanation, and suggest … two simple procedures that help to smooth demand.It is shown that these procedures yield stock reductions of 40%-50% in …

service level restriction, where demand is modelled as a compound Bernoulli process, that is, with a xed probability there is … positive demand during a time unit, otherwise demand is zero.The demand size and replenishment leadtime are stochastic … variables.It is shown that this kind of mod- elling is especially suitable for intermittent demand.Furthermore, an approximation …

To model demand, the normal distribution is by far the most popular; the disadvantage that it takes negative values is …

fraction of demand that can be satisfied from stock.Best-known are the approximations derived from renewal theory by Tijms … specifically, the cases of normally and gamma distributed demand.Here, an exact expression for the fill rate is derived, holding … generally in the situation that demand has a gamma distribution with known integer-valued parameters, while lead time is …

reorder level is not taken into account, the normal distribution is used as the distribution of demand during lead-time. The … gamma distribution as the demand distribution. Both models are fed with parameters estimated by a procedure that forecasts … demand sizes and time between demand occurrences separately (intermittent demand). The results show that the advanced …