Co-ethnic employment refers to the stylised fact of many labour markets that there is an over-representation of workers … constitute the major reasons for co-ethnic employment by lowering information and co-ordination costs. In the short run, co …-ethnic employment leads to more jobs for employees, easy access to labour for ethnic minority firms, strengthening of the group values …

resulting in economic costs, particularly with respect to wages and employment opportunities of the native born. This warrants a …’ of the decline in native-born employment following a 1 percent increase in the number of immigrants is a mere 0 ….024 percent. However, the impact is somewhat larger on female than on male employment. The negative employment effect is also …

employment effects. The number of studies that informs on both effects is rather limited, but eight econometric analyses yielded … 130 useful meta-observations. We find that wage rigidity increases the magnitude of the employment impact on the native … born, particularly of those who are low skilled, following positive net immigration. The employment elasticity is also …

answer the question: What is the contribution of entrepreneurs to (i) employment generation and dynamics, (ii) innovation … very important—but specific—function in the economy. They engender relatively much employment creation, productivity growth … studies show that entrepreneurial firms produce important spillovers that affect regional employment growth rates of all …

during the first trimester of gestation on employment outcomes 53 or more years after birth, as well as effects on …