We study the dependence between the downside risk of European banks and insurers. Since the downside risk of banks and insurers differs, an interesting question from a supervisory point of view is the risk reduction that derives from diversification within large banks and financial...

Extreme value theory has been widely applied in insurance and finance to model rare events. Plenty of such events have occurred in financial markets during the last two decades, including stock market crashes, currency crises, or large bankruptcies. This article applies extreme value theory...

During the Global Financial Crisis, regulators imposed short-selling bans to protect financial institutions. The rationale behind the bans was that “bear raids”, driven by short-sellers, would increase the individual and systemic risk of financial institutions, especially for institutions...