increased international trade. This study tests two theories as to why democracies might trade more. First, political freedom … trade more. Second, democracy implies higher quality governance either through institutions or policy-making procedures. I … utilize a bilateral gravity trade model covering approximately 150 countries from 1950 to 1999, with fixed effects for time …

This report provides a summary of the literature on the relationship between trade and informality in developing … trade and informal labour markets: (1) theoretical predictions for trade and informality; (2) how trade liberalisation … affects informal labour markets; (3) how trade flows affect the informal economy; and (4) what implications informality has …

MENA countries, including both trade and domestic restrictions. The analysis is focused on computation of aggregate and … modal trade restrictiveness indexes (TRIs) by sector, drawing on information gathered from detailed questionnaires and …