how one type of structural policy reform – namely trade and trade-related policy reforms – may facilitate global … trade policy reforms, impact global trade. Our analysis suggests that a co-ordinated response involving macroeconomic …, exchange rate and structural reforms, including trade policy reforms, are needed to address imbalances in the global economy …

This report examines the different channels through which trade openness (and reforms to achieve it) can affect a … country’s food security. The overall conclusion is that trade openness has a positive net impact on food security, although … of trade protection. The challenge for policymakers is to design flanking policies which enable countries to reap …

Countries embarking on trade negotiations are not only seeking increased market access, but also, reduced market … trade agreements (RTAs) concluded by OECD and large emerging economies over the last decade. While there is a lively … discussion on strengthening transparency in the World Trade Organization (WTO), scant attention has been paid to the evolution of …

What influences the adoption of transparency obligations in trade agreements, and what are its effects? This paper uses … a new dataset on transparency provisions in over a hundred regional trade agreements (RTAs) to provide empirical … evidence of the political economy determinants of international transparency commitments, as well as the trade impact of …

Dynamic gains from trade can be an important conduit for increased firm-level innovation and productivity, both key … components of economic growth. This paper builds on previous research on the dynamic gains from trade by moving beyond a single … gains through the import of intermediate inputs and capital goods and systematically explores the specific impacts of non-trade …

Trade logistics facilitate trade. Quality logistics services play an important role in facilitating the transportation … of international trade in goods: inefficient logistics services impede trade by imposing an extra cost in terms of time … that trade logistics play in the volume and value of international trade and the extent to which poor quality logistics …

international investment and trade in goods and services related to renewable energy has been rapid, but it has not always been …-dumping duties, in response to some countries‘ policies on the grounds that they distort trade. Against this background, this paper … to promote renewable energy, focusing on those that might have implications for trade — both those that are likely to …

with this intermittency problem. Cross-border trade in electricity appears to be one of them since it enables countries to … examination of the European electricity market confirm the importance of cross-border electricity trade in increasing the … operations and exerting downward pressure on wholesale electricity prices. The positive contribution that cross-border trade in …

drives international trade in environmental goods. Many of the measures governments adopt to address issues such as local air … pollution, with important implications for international trade in such equipment. The different indicators of regulatory …-waste management or wastewater treatment. While increased trade in environmental products is not an end in itself, the environmental …