financial patents at the US Patent and Trademark Office, and to have also impacted other patent offices around the world. A … about the relationship between the patent system and innovation, in order to draw some tentative conclusions about their … number of scholars, both legal and economic, have critiqued both the quality of these patents and the decisions themselves …

We analyze the nanotechnology patent applications filed in China from 1998 to 2008 and find that the extraordinary … industry can benefit from public R&D investment to actively develop indigenous innovation. …

The impact of patent protection on biomedical innovation has been a controversial issue. Although a "medical anti … develops a framework of analysis for the impact of patent rights on biomedical innovation in "technology follower" developing …-commons" has been predicted due to a proliferation of patents on upstream technologies, evidence to test these concerns is only now …

We take a first look at financial patents at the European Patent Office (EPO). As is the case at the US Patent and … firms in non-financial sectors with diversified patent portfolios own a large share of financial patents at the EPO. However … Trademark Office (USPTO), the number of financial patents in Europe has increased significantly in parallel with significant …

of which analyze publication and patent data. We conduct a comparative analysis of bibliometric search strategies that … these studies use to harvest publication and patent data related to nanoscience and technology. We implement these …

Technological innovation depends on knowledge developed by scientific research. The num-ber of citations made in … patents to the scientific literature has been suggested as an indicator of this process of transfer of knowledge from science … to technology. We provide an intersec-toral insight into this indicator, by breaking down patent citations into a sector …

is very important. For our research we made use of the EPO (European Patent Office) database on patents. We used the … number of forward patent citations per patent to identify radical from non-radical inventions. For our analysis we used the … backward patent citations per patent. In order to test if the two groups we are considering are truly different and to see on …

levels of policy concerning the mobility of skilled workers. Because of their differing positions, we examine the position of …

of MNE R&D. Innovation can be undertaken in order to adapt its existing products and services to local stimuli. This is … 'demand-driven R&D'. Innovation can also be in stand-alone R&D facilities which are considerably more knowledgeintensive, and … tendency to focus on FDI flows is flawed, since knowledge exchanges and innovation are establishment level phenomena. An MNE …