, governance, and social and political participation). To take up this challenge, modules on Governance, Democracy and Multiple …

Democracy) were added to the 1-2-3 surveys carried out in 2001, 2002 or 2003 in major cities in eight countries (Benin, Burkina …

including a “democratic” clause. The inclusion of such a clause can be interpreted as a political choice to promote democracy …

explain the difficulty to implement democracy and market economy relies on the idea that people, especially the poor, have a … education. But, on the contrary, the poor are strongly in favour of democracy as the rest of the population. This finding … be against democracy. Then, in order to consolidate the democratic process, state institutions must be reinforced to be …

European Union, a future member must be a stable democracy that respects human rights, the rule of law and the protection of … minorities. The inclusion of such a clause can be interpreted as a political choice to promote democracy. But it can also be …

that the widespread search for consensus leads to the extinction of democracy. …

Whereas the influence of democracy on economic growth has still to be proved, trade openness’ is now recognised …. Therefore, it may be wondered if there exists a relation between democracy and openness. Neither theoretical arguments nor … democracy, growth and openness is getting clearer. …