Territorial development can be considered as a multidimensional process in which individual and collective preferences for land-use and allocation of local resources are confronting. The paper scrutinizes what can be learned from litigation before civil and administrative courts in the field of...

In this paper, we expose the economic conditions of cities emergence in a spatial general equilibrium framework. The presence of increasing returns based on the division of labour, transport costs and the possible existence of an agricultural surplus are enough to generate different possible...

The long-term incentive for the development of breeders is well known: better use of natural uranium in order to extend the potential of nuclear energy by a factor of 50 with given uranium resources, and in fact by a much larger factor, since also uranium resources from low-grade ores can be...

In this article we present an introduction to various Filtering algorithms and some of their applications to the world of Quantitative Finance. We shall first mention the fundamental case of Gaussian noises where we obtain the well-known Kalman Filter. Because of common nonlinearities, we will...

This article uses graph theory to provide novel evidence regarding market integration, a favorable condition for systemic risk to appear in. Relying on daily futures returns covering a 12-year period, we examine cross- and intermarket linkages, both within the commodity complex and between...

The role of the United States in international negotiations, including Kyoto, has always been central as an economic and a political power and also as a polluter. In the absence so far of federal regulation, different states were very dynamic. Since the election of President Obama, energy and...

Since the end of the eighties, the European electric sector has been progressively liberalised. This phenomenon has given a growing part to the financial markets in the valuation and the control of the firm's activities. With the privatisation, the management's efficiency has become the main...

Les marchés de matières premières sont marqués par deux principales tendances : la modification de leur organisation industrielle et leur financiarisation. Mais celles-ci s'intègrent elles-mêmes dans des bouleversements économiques, comme la mondialisation des échanges et la montée des...

Markets for high-value agricultural commodities are growing and can contribute to reducing rural poverty. However, the poor may be unable to participate in such markets, and adverse environmental impacts may counterbalance short-term benefits. Hence, policies are needed that help reducing...